标题:
Analysis of microbiological trends and antibiotic resistance in 711 episodes of peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis.
讲者:
佟怡婧
单位:
Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai Center for Peritoneal Dialysis Research
播放:
1949
论文摘要:
OBJECTIVE To explore the microbiological trends and antibiotic resistance of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis, and to provide guidance for the clinical rational use of antimicrobial agents.
METHODS 711 episodes of peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis suffered by 386 patients between 2004 and 2015 in PD Center of Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were enrolled. The pathogenic bacterium, drug susceptibilities and outcomes were retrospectively reviewed.
RESULTS The incidence of PD-related peritonitis decreased from 0.214 to 0.160 episodes ? patient-year (p=0.014) between 2004 and 2015. The culture positive rate rose from 52.00% to 76.71% (p=0.016) during the study period. A total of 488 strains were cultivated and isolated, including 313 Gram-positive strains (64.27%), 153 Gram-negative strains (31.42%), 21 fungi (4.30%) and 1 mycobacteria (0.21%). Gram-positive bacteria were resistant to penicillin (67.32%) and no vancomycin or linezolid resistant strains were found. Gram-negative bacteria were resistant to oxacillin (47.79%) and susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam (7.52%) and imipenem (2.24%). Gram-positive bacterium were associated with a more favorable outcome compared to other pathogens, as manifested by a higher cure rate (89.26%, p < 0.001), decreased mortality (1.11%, p < 0.001) and lower dropout rate (6.29%, p < 0.001). Among gram-positive organisms, streptococcus was associated with a more favorable cure rate than S. aureus. The cure rate of gram-negative peritonitis was 64.89%. No statistic differences were found among the outcomes of peritonitis caused by Escherichia, Enterobacter and Klebsiella (p=0.067). Fungal and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections had the worst prognosis.
CONCLUSION A gradual decline was observed in the incidence of PD-related peritonitis in our center during the past 12 years while the culture positive rate has been greatly improved. Coagulase-negative staphylococcus and streptococcus are the most common causative pathogens. Gram-positive peritonitis has the most favorable outcome, while fungal peritonitis is the most important reason for patients’ dropout.